Rock-breaker.



., Patgnted Feb. |l,|902. l

` 3 sheets-sheet a,

` (No Model.)

lll# 'up m f W THE NRRS PHS C0 PHOTO-UTN() WASHlNGTON D C .turbing any of the parts thereof.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE Lowar, or TIFFIN, orne..

`'RocK-BREAKER.

er'ncrca'rron formng part er Letters raten@ No. 693,288, dated-February 11, 1902.

' Application inea November 22,1899. .serai No. 737,934. irq man.) v

To a/ZZ whom, it may concern: t j Beit'known that I, GEORGE LOWRY, asubject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Tiffin, in the county of Seneca and State' of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and usel fulImprovements in Rock-Breakers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in that class of rock-breakers in which a 'sta-j tionary jaw is opposed 'by a sectional vibrating or rocking jaw disposed at an angle thereto, so as to gradually break and reduce the size of the rock as it passes between the jaws.

VMy present invention has for its primary objects, first, the provision of crushing-jaws of such a character that the rock .as broken into smaller pieces is afforded ample room to spread, and thus present the larger broken pieces successively to the direct action of the crushing-jaws as they pass therebetween instead of compelling the stones to pack and crush against one another, as heretofore,

whereby a more unifofmly sized product .is produced and the capacity of the machine is greatly increased; second, to insure the re-f traction of the vibrating sectional jaw after each thrust thereof by direct application of power thereto in the event of the failure `of the usual retracting-springs to accomplish this purpose, whereby the operation of the machine is rendered smooth and certain and the danger resulting.,r from skipping of strokes is entirely avoided; third, the dispensing with all pivots for the sectional vibrating jaw withoutlosing the advantage of a toggle action as betweenv the's'ections of said jaw, whereby the wear of the parts is automatically taken up, the use of expensive and fragile pivots is avoided', and the frequent repair or adjustment of the machine totake up wear is `obviated, and, fourth, to provide adjustability for the vibrating or rocking sectional jaw in such manner that thestroke of the jaw and its relation to the iXedjaw, as well as to the other and operating parts of the machine, may be readily and quickly adjusted Without dismantling the machine or dis- These and such other objects as may hereinafter appear are attained bythe devices illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure l represents a vertical section through a stone-.crusher of ordinary construction, showing my invention in oneform em-l bodied therein.v Fig.f2 is a sectional eleva'- Vtion of a toggle-lever.' FigB is a vertical section'throu gh a stone-breaker of novel construction and embodying my invention in its preferred form. Fig. 4 isa transverse vertical section on the linea 4 of Fig. l looking in the direction indicated .by the arrows, but

tion. Fig. 5 is a detailed horizontal section through the lower end of the crushing-jaw.

device for the vibrating crusher-j aw shown in Fig. 3.

Similar letters ofv reference indicate the same vparts in the several figures of the drawings. l

'I he machines illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3,

showing the vibratingcrushing-jawin elevarespectively, possess lin common the followv ing Vfeatures-to wit, the side frames A, connected by the end bars B; the crank-shaft C, journaled in suitable boxes on the side frames and having a fly-wheel D on one end thereof,

Apower being applied to said shaft in any. suitable way; a fixed crushing-jawF., rigidly secured by suitable ymeans to one of the crossbars B, and an `opposing vibrating or rocking Crusher-j a w consisting of the upper and lower ,sectionsF and G, respectively; means for connecting the crank-shaft with the vibrating jaw for operating the same; means for auto- ,maticall yretractin g said jaw after each thrust thereof, and means for adjusting said jaw. In both of' these machines the vibrating Crusher-jaw has the same general shape and construction as that shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the stationary jaw in each machinehaving the same shapein face view as the combined sections of the vibrating jaw, excepting that I prefer to form the stationary jaw in` one piece. Theshape of these jaws is novel, so

far as I am aware, and of great importance in a machine of this kind, because it presents a gradually-widening jaw to the rock as it is j crushed and falls between the jaws toward the bottom or discharge end thereof. Each of the jaws is narrowest at its upper end, where the stones are largest when fed into the jaws. At 4its middle part each jaw is somewhat wider than at its upper end, while at its lower end each jaw is widest, the number of gradations between the widest and narrowest parts of the jaw being immaterial and it also being immaterial whether the side edges of the jaws arein steps, as shown, or are formed obliquely, so long as the jaws have a generally-tapering shape from the bottom to the top thereof, so as to present a gradually-widening crushing-face from the top to the bottom of the jaw. The effect of so shaping the jaw is to greatly increase the capacity of the machine, as well as to promote uniformity in the size of the product, because as the stones are broken and fall between the jaws, although the space between the jaws gradually contracts toward the lower discharge ends of the jaws, the jaws gradually widen to compensate therefor and to allow the spread laterally of the broken stone, so that in its passage between the jaws most of the pieces of the stone are directly engaged or crushed between the jaws and pass out at the bottom all substantially of the same size, the various sizes at each stroke of the jaws arranging themselves by gravity at the proper point between the jaws for the next crushing action.

In machines as heretofore constructed as the stone is broken and requires more room the pieces are crowded against each other and of necessity are crushed against each other, crushing some of it Very fine and leaving other parts comparatively coarse, while at the same time checking the operation of the machine and making the passage of the material through the machine very slow, thus producing a wide Variation in the size of the crushed stone, as well as greatly reducing the capacity of the machine.

In both of the machines the sections of the jaws are supported and maintained in position without the employment of pivots. This is accomplished by providing a rib on the edge of one of the sections-say the upper edge of the lower section G-and a complementary groove along the opposing edge of the other section-say the upper section F-so that the upper section rests upon the lower section, and the parts may rock or vibrate on each other without separation. The upper edge of the upper section F Iits within a yoke H, the ends of which project into openings I, formed in the side frames A of the machine, in which it is held against lateral movement by snugly fitting between the side walls of said open ing, but is permitted to have movement therein in a line with the jaw by reason of the opening being of greater length than the height of the yoke. The yoke may be held down to its work in position to afford a bearing for the section F by any suitable means, a wedge J being shown in the drawings interposed between the back of said yoke and the top wall of the opening I. It will thus be seen that by a proper adjustment of the wedge the position of the yoke may be correspondingly adjusted so as to accommodate it to any changelin the position of the section F due to wear of the parts or to adjustment of the lower section G of the vibrating jaw.

It will be noted that there is no pivot connection between the yoke and the side frames and the upper section F, but that the yoke simply affords a fulcrum therefor. This is also true of the lower section G of the vibrating jaw, the lower edge of which rests in a grooved bar K, adjustably mounted upon a cross-plate L, connecting the side frames of the machine. It will thus be seen that practically the entire weight of both sections of the vibrating jaw rests upon the adjustable foot-bar K, so that all wear between the sections of the jaw and between said sections and the bar and yoke will be automatically taken up, while by proper adjustment of the yoke I-I and the foot-bar K the relative positions of the sections of the vibrating jaw to each other, to the stationary jaw, and to the other parts ofthe machine can be quickly and easily changed to suit any conditions, to Vary the size of the product, and to modify the crushing operation.

While the same in mechanical operation and result, the means for adjusting the footbar K in these machines differs slightly. In the machine shown in Fig. l the bar has projecting from the sides thereof, near each end, a threaded bolt L, (shown in dotted lines,) which passes through an ear M, (also shown by dotted lines,) on the side frames A and has nuts N thereon at opposite sides of said ear, by means. of which the bar may be moved back and forth and locked in any adjusted position. The adjusting means shown in Fig. 3 is the preferred form, consisting of an extension O from the bar K in the direction of a companion plate P, rigidly secured to a cross-flange connecting the side frames A, and between the opposing edges of the extension and plate is located a transverse wedge Q, resting upon companion lips R and S on said extension and belt, a keeper T connecting the extension and the plate on the top side thereof, said keeper being rigidly bolted to the plate P at one side, while at its opposite side it has a bolt-and-slot connection U with the extension. Thus by driving the wedge Q in and out between the extension and plate the position of the foot-bar K will be correspondingly changed. To provide for the more prompt and certain adjustment and locking of the parts, I provide a companion wedge V, set reversely to the wedge Q and located between the foot-block K and a cross-Bange W, connecting the side frames A, so that as the wedge Q is driven in the wedge V must be driven out, and vice versa, one wedge serving tomove the footblock in one direction and the other wedge serving to move it in the opposite direction, and both wedges together constituting a lock for the foot-block in any adjusted position.

The connection between the crank-shaft IIO . and the vibrating jaw, and preferably the up.

loosely journaled at one lend upon the crankedC portion of the shaft C and at its opposite end connected by toggle-levers?? with the upper section F of the vibrating jaw and a station-V ary portion of the frame ofthe machine, respectively, such as the cross-bars B. With this it generally hasv an adjustable connection to modify the stroke imparted to the vibrating jaw, in a manner that will be readily understood, as shown in the drawings. One end of the toggle-levers b is pivotally connectedwith a blockv c, sliding in a suitable bearing in the cross-bar B, a 'wedge-block cl being interposed between the blck c and the bar, which is adjusted by a vertically-extendf ed screw-threaded rode, projecting from the upper edge thereof and having a nut f there-` on, whereby the wedge may be raised and lowered, and thus force the block c towardor permit it to recede from the arm a, which adjustment of course changes the stroke imparted to the vibrating jaw.

In the construction shown in Fig. 3 the parts are similar in number and arrangement to those shown in Fig. l, exceptv that one of the toggle-levers-say the lever p-is pivota'lly connected directly with the arm a, while the other toggle-lever q has its opposing ends respectively socketedintheend of the tog.- glelever p and the end bar Bof the frame of the machine. I have not herein shown any means for adjusting the outer end of the toggle-lever Vq; but it will be understood that either the means shown in Fig. lorany other adjustable devices may be applied tothis con.- struction, s

As a safety device for preventing breakage of the jaws or other parts of the machine whenV the rocks or some other substance is lodged between the jaws'of so highly refractory a character that the jaws cannot crush the same I propose to so construct the rear toggle-lever q of Fig. 3, as Well as the tog-v gie-levert' ot' the machine'shown in` Fig. 1, that it will give way under such abnormal pressure. To this end the toggle-lever is formed in two sections q q2, as shown in Figs. 2 and-3, having-their inner ends overlapping either on a line parallel with or oblique to v their upper andlower faces, and Vthe opposing faces of said sections are provided with interlocking features, such as the transverse ribs or teeth g3, the faces of which are disposed at an angle of` about forty-five degrees. Through the sections q and q2 at about their center of length is passed a locking-bolt g4, one section having a hole therein `and the other section having a slot therein or both being slotted, so that when.y undue pressure `part of the machine.

isput upon the toggleflever lengthwise .the sections thereof will be caused to move b oth longitudinally and laterally upon each other, and thus snap the bolt g4 or strip the An ut therefrom. It is intended that the` bolt q shall be of suncient strength to sustain the maximum pressure whichthe jaws may apply before causinga breakage of anyother Y Itwill also be noted that the depending arm a. in the construction shown in Fig. 3 instead of standing vertically, as'doesA the arm in Fig. l, stands obliquely, as do the toggle-levers p and q, so that said levers when under full stroke stand squarely at right anglesto the protruded positionl of the .vibrating Crusher-jaw, thus relievingthe crank-shaft C of the lateral and downward strain which, it suffers at thistime vwhen the parts are arranged as shown in Fig. l, and

as .reliance must be placed in both instances upon the lcap of the bearings both in the arm and in the side frames of the crank-shaft fC a very material change is thus gained, and a more powerful and direct stroke of the crushing-jaw is likewise obtained.

Ipropose to insure the retraction of the vibrating jaw after veach thrust by a positive pull in the event the retracting spring or springs fail to work. Tothis end I connect the ends, respectively, of a chain r Withthe vibrating jaw and a stationary portionof ,the

`machine-frame, such as one of the barsB.

In the chain is located one or more setsl of three links s, t, and u, preferably elongated, and connect the outer links. o f the trio with a retractile spring c, the ends of the springs being rigidly secured in any suitable manner to the outer vlinks s and t, so that when the spring is fully contracted, as shown in Fig.r

6, there is considerable play between the mid,- dle link u and the end links s and t; butwhen roo the spring is fully expanded, or nearly so, the

separation ofv lthe end links -s and resulting therefrom will cause practically allot the play between. saidlinks and the middle link 'Loto IIO be taken up. In applying this spring-chain to a machine it is intended to be passed under and the chain should be of such length that a part directly actuated by the crank-'shaft C,

when the vibrating jaw is fully thrust'4 out practically all of the slack will be taken out of the chain, including the slack betweenthe links s, t, and u, and the spring/u will be fully expanded. yIf now during the further 0per.

ation of the machine the toggle is broken', so as to permit the retraction of the vibrating jaw, and the springs 1J fail to vpromptly'retract the jaw, then the part directly actuated by the crank-shaft C Will Aengage the chain between its ends, and as there is at this .time

practically no slack in the chain the power of such part will be' directly applied to the spring-chain and through it to the jaw, forcibly retracting the same. In the construction ,shown in Fig. l the-arm aV is prolongedfso as tohave the knob w on the end thereof4 to engage the chain and perform this service,

ISO.A

while in the construction shown in Fig. 3 a

projection .fr on the toggle-lever p performs' this service. In both constructions, however, the operation and the result are identical.

As before stated, the construction shown in Fig. 3 in its entirety embodies the preferred form of my invention, the other constructions being illustrated simply to show the wide degree of modification which may be made in the various parts of the machine Without departing from the spirit of my invention. A most important result of arranging the toggle of this construction at right angles to the crushing-jaws is that I am thus enabled to secure a double stroke or blow with one turn of the crank-shaft, all efforts in this direction having failed hitherto, owing to the toggle not being disposed at right angles to the Crusher-jaw. By this preferred arrangement the motion and action of the jaws will be exactly the same whether the toggle is broken from a straight line and depressed or elevated at its center, the distance in each direction in which it will move and the stroke given to the jaws being exactly the same, which would not be the case with either of the constructions shown in Fig. l nor with the disposition of the parts shown in any prior machine so far as I am aware. This result also tends to greatly increase the capacity of the machine, which is practically doubled with the same number of revolutions of the crank-shaft, without in any wise affecting the strength or efiiciency thereof in other respects.

I-Iaving thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- l. In a rock-breaker, the combination with a stationary jaw, of a vibrating jaw comprising a lower section supported and fulcrumed at its lower end, an upper section supported by the lower section and having a bearing upon the upper edge of said lower section, said upper section also being provided with a bearing and fulcrum at its upper edge, and means for operating said vibrating jaw, substantially as described.

2. In a rock-breaker, the combination with a stationary jaw, of a sectional vibrating jaw comprising an uppersection provided with a bearing upon said lower section, means for supporting said vibrating jaw, and means for operatingthe same,substantially as described.

3. In a rock-breaker, the combination with a stationaryjaw, ofavibrating jaw composed of two sections placed edge to edge and one resting upon the other, both of said sections being adjustable, substantially as described.

4. In a rock-breaker, the combination with a stationaryjaw, of a vibrating jaw composed of two sections placed edge to edge and one resting upon the other, the opposite edges of said sections having socket bearings and means for adjusting said bearings, substantially as described.

5. In a rock-breaker, thc combination with eeaecs a stationaryjaw, of a vibrating jaw composed of two sections placed edge to edge and one resting upon the other, an adjustable yoke provided with a socket for the reception of the upper edge of one of said sections and a foot-block provided with a socket for the reception of the lower edge ofthe other section, substantially as described.

' 6. In a rock-breaker, the combination with a stationary jaw, of a vibrating jaw composed of two sections placed edge to edge and one resting upon the other, an adjustable yoke provided with a socket to receive the upper edge of one of said sections, an adjustable foot-block provided with a socket to receive the lower edge of' the other section and a wedge interposed between said block and a stationary portion of the machine, substantially as described.

7. In a rock-breaker, the combination with a stationary jaw, a vibrating jaw and means for operating the same, of a retractile springchain connected at its ends, respectively,with said jaw and a stationary portion of the machine, said chain when expanded being adapted to be engaged by the means operating the Vibrating jaw, substantially as described.

S. In a rock-breaker, the combination with a stationary jaw, a vibrating jaw, a crankshaft and means connecting said shaft with the vibrating jaw for operating the same, of a retractile spring secured at its ends respectively to said jaw and a stationary portion of the machine and means actuated by said shaft to engage said spring when extended, substantially as described.

9. In a rock-breaker, the combination with a stationary jaw, a sectional vibrating jaw, a crank-shaft and means connecting said shaft with the vibrating jaw for operating the same, of a retractile spring-chain .connected at its ends respectively to one section of the vibrating jaw and a stationary portion of the frame of the machine and means operated by saidvshaft to engage the said chain when expanded, substantially as described.

l0. In a rock-breaker, the combination with a stationary jaw, of a sectional vibrating jaw comprising upper and lower sections movably jointed together, said sectional jaw beingfulcru med at its upper and lower edges, a crankshaft, an arm depending from said shaft and substantially parallel with the vibrating jaw, toggle-levers extending between a stationary portion of the machine and the vibrating jaw, substantiallyat right angles to said jaw, the end of one of said toggle-levers being provided with a bearing against said vibrating jaw at a point opposite the bearing between the upper and lower sections of said jaw, said toggle-levers being operated by said arm to operate said vibrating jaw, substantially as described. l

ll. In a rock-breaker, the combination with a stationary jaw, ot' a vibratin g jaw, a crankshaft, an arm depending from said shaft substantially parallel with the vibrating jaw, tog-l ICO IOR

TIO

IIS

gle-levers extending between a stationary portion of the machine and the vibrating jaw substantiallyat right angles to said jaw, said arm being pivotally connected with one of said toggle-levers and said levers being so`ck. eted at their inner ends yin one another and at their outer ends being respectively socketed lin the vibrating jaw and a stationary portion of the machine, substantially as described.

l2. In a rock-breaker, the combination withv lcomprising upper and lower sections movably jointed together, of supports for the upper and lower ends of said jaw, bearings for said vibrating jaw against said supports, and

means for operatingsaid Vibrating jaw, substantially as described. e

I4. In a rock-breaker, the combination with a stationary jaw, of a secionalvibrating jaw comprising upper and lower sections movably jointed together, adjustable supports for the upper and lower ends of said Vibrating jaw, bearings for the endsof said vibrating jaw against said supports, and means for operating said Vibrating jaw, substantially as described.

15. In a rock-breaker, the combination with a stationary jaw, of avibrating jaw comprising a lower section and an upper section, a bearing between the adjacent edges of said upper and lower sections, a support for said lower section, a bearing for the upper part of. said upper section, and means for operating said vibrating jaw, substantially as described.

GEORGE LOWRY.

Witnesses:

A. B. LowRY, JOSEPH KIRKHAM. 

